To Kill a Mockingbird Journal Two Chapters 11-20 Essays

To Kill a Mockingbird Journal Two : Chapters 11-20 By: Saima Vedachhia "Who beat you up? Tom Robinson or your father ?"( Page 251). This is what Atticus question nineteen-year-old Mayella Ewell in court on the day of the trail. In my opinion, Mayella commits a very sinful act by laying false charges against Tom Robinson. The truth was that Bob Ewell had beat and raped his own daughter, Mayella Ewell. The Ewell's are known to be a very disgraceful, lazy and no educat ed family and have almost no reputation in Maycomb. Mayella accuses Tom Robinson of beating her up, raping her and taking advantage of her. But I feel that Mayella is actually the one taking advantage of Tom since he is a person of colour. In court, Mayella is asked a series of questions by both the lawyers, but it seems that all of her answers are similar everything her father says. It almost seems that she was forced to say what her father told her to say or she would have to face the consequences . When she is asked questions about her fath er, she hesitates and looks at her father before answering the question. This is a sign of lying under oath. This can help us understand how Bob Ewell keeps Mayella under his control and makes her do whatever he wants. When Mayella is asked about the incident, she says that she had called over Tom Robinson to help her break an old dresser. Tom was a nice guy and never did anything to Ewell's but Mayella decided to blame him for her father's actions. Although Mayella tries her best not to give any hint of her father beating her, she gets trapped in one of Atticus's questions. Atticus asks Mayella if her father treats her with love and she replies "He does tollable (tolerable), cept when -" ( Page 245) and then stops. Atticus later points out that she was trying to say he is okay except when he is drunk. The words almost slipped out of Mayella's mouth, but she quickly stops herself before she gets herself into any more trouble with her father. M ayella is simply afraid of facing her father face to face and as follow blames his actions on an innocent person. Mayella had bruises on the right side of her face, which shows that someone who is left-handed is more likely to hit that side. Bob Ewell is left-handed, and Tom Robinson does not even have a left hand, in this case, it is obvious that it was Bob is the one that beat Mayella , not Tom. Mayella's statement constantly changes and this is another sign that proves that Tom didn't commit the crime. Mayella seems desperately immature for a nineteen-year-old and her whiny attitude suggest that she just wants to try to gain pity as a rape victim. Mayella Ewell is simply lying under oath because she doesn't want her father to be guilty. It is very sad and shameful that she takes advantage of an innocent person because she knows that he is unable to do anything about it because he's a man of colour. Tom did not do anything wrong to Mayella , instead, he w as trying to help her. Therefore, Mayella's actions and Atticus points prove that it was Bob Ewell who had committed the crime, not Tom Robinson. Bob Ewell is a cruelly a racist man, makes various racial comments during the trial. This makes it clear as to why he would accuse Tom of his own wrong-doings. Although Mayella being abused, lonely and unhappy is quite pitiful, we cannot overlook and cannot pardon her for her shameful charges over Tom Robinson. This makes really disappointed because in Maycomb it's mixed, but the blacks and whites don't live near each other. But they can oversee that the fact a black m an word can dishonest a white man's word.

Brigadier General Albion P. Howe - American Civil War

Brigadier General Albion P. Howe - American Civil War Albion P. Howe - Early Life Career: A native of Standish, ME, Albion Parris Howe was born March 13, 1818.   Educated locally, he later decided to pursue a military career.   Obtaining an appointment to West Point in 1837, Howes classmates included Horatio Wright, Nathaniel Lyon, John F. Reynolds, and Don Carlos Buell.   Graduating in 1841, he ranked eighth in a class of fifty-two and was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the 4th US Artillery.   Assigned to the Canadian frontier, Howe remained with the regiment for two years until returning to West Point to teach mathematics in 1843.   Rejoining the 4th Artillery in June 1846, he was posted to Fortress Monroe before sailing for service in the Mexican-American War. Albion P. Howe - Mexican-American War: Serving in Major General Winfield Scotts army, Howe took part in the siege of Veracruz in March 1847.   As American forces moved inland, he again saw combat a month later at Cerro Gordo.   Late that summer, Howe earned praise for his performance at the Battles of Contreras and Churubusco and received a brevet promotion to captain.   In September, his guns aided in the American victory at Molino del Rey before supporting the assault on Chapultepec.   With the fall of Mexico City and end of the conflict, Howe returned north and spent much of the next seven years in garrison duty at various coastal forts.   Promoted to captain on March 2, 1855, he moved to the frontier with a posting to Fort Leavenworth.    Active against the Sioux, Howe saw combat at the Blue Water that September.   A year later, he participated in operations to quell the unrest between pro- and anti-slavery factions in Kansas.   Ordered east in 1856, Howe arrived at Fortress Monroe for duty with the Artillery School.   In October 1859, he accompanied Lieutenant Colonel Robert E. Lee to Harpers Ferry, VA to assist in ending John Browns raid on the federal arsenal.   Concluding this mission, Howe briefly resumed his position at Fortress Monroe before departing for Fort Randall in the Dakota Territory in 1860. Albion P. Howe - The Civil War Begins: With the beginning of the Civil War in April 1861, Howe came east and initially joined Major General George B. McClellans forces in western Virginia.   In December, he received orders to serve in the defenses of Washington, DC.   Placed in command of a force of light artillery, Howe traveled south the following spring with the Army of the Potomac to take part in McClellans Peninsula Campaign.   In this role during the siege of Yorktown and Battle of Williamsburg, he received a promotion to brigadier general on June 11, 1862.   Assuming command of an infantry brigade late that month, Howe led it during the Seven Days Battles.   Performing well at the Battle of Malvern Hill, he earned a brevet promotion to major in the regular army.    Albion P. Howe - Army of the Potomac: With the failure of the campaign on the Peninsula, Howe and his brigade moved north to participate in the Maryland Campaign against Lees Army of Northern Virginia.   This saw it take part in the Battle of South Mountain on September 14 and fulfill a reserve role at the Battle of Antietam three days later.   Following the battle, Howe benefited from a reorganization of the army which resulted in him assuming command of the Second Division of Major General William F. Baldy Smiths VI Corps.   Leading his new division at the Battle of Fredericksburg on December 13, his men remained largely idle as they were again held in reserve.   The following May, VI Corps, now commanded by Major General John Sedgwick, was left at Fredericksburg when Major General Joseph Hooker commenced his Chancellorsville Campaign.   Attacking at the Second Battle of Fredericksburg on May 3, Howes division saw heavy fighting.         Ã‚            With the failure of Hookers campaign, the Army of the Potomac moved north in pursuit of Lee.   Only lightly engaged during the march to Pennsylvania, Howes command was the last Union division to reach the Battle of Gettysburg.   Arriving late on July 2, his two brigades were separated with one anchoring the extreme right of the Union line on Wolf Hill and the other at the extreme left to the west of Big Round Top.   Effectively left without a command, Howe played a minimal role in the final day of the battle.   Following the Union victory, Howes men engaged Confederate forces at Funkstown, MD on July 10.   That November, Howe earned distinction when his division played a key role in the Union success at  Rappahannock Station during the Bristoe Campaign.          Albion P. Howe - Later Career: After leading his division during the Mine Run Campaign in late 1863, Howe was removed from command in early 1864 and replaced with Brigadier General George W. Getty.   His relief stemmed from an increasingly contentious relationship with Sedgwick as well as his persistent support of Hooker in several controversies relating to Chancellorsville.   Placed in charge of the Office of Inspector of Artillery in Washington, Howe remained there until July 1864 when he briefly returned to the field.   Based at Harpers Ferry, he aided in attempting to block Lieutenant General Jubal A. Earlys raid on Washington.    In April 1865, Howe took part in the honor guard that watched over the body of President Abraham Lincoln after his assassination.   In the weeks that followed, he served on the military commission that tried the conspirators in the assassination plot.   With the end of the war, Howe held a seat on a variety of boards before taking command of Fort Washington in 1868.   He later oversaw the garrisons at the Presidio, Fort McHenry, and Fort Adams before retiring with the regular army rank of colonel on June 30, 1882.   Retiring to Massachusetts, Howe died at Cambridge on January 25, 1897 and was buried in the towns Mount Auburn Cemetery. Selected Sources Find A Grave: Albion P. HoweOfficial Records: Howes Division at GettysburgAlbion P. Howe

Tolkien's On Fairy Stories and the Hobbit Essay

Tolkien's On Fairy Stories and the Hobbit - Essay Example In Tolkien’s, â€Å"On Fairy Stories,† he discusses the definition of â€Å"fairy-story.† He references the definition of the Oxford English Dictionary on â€Å"fairy-tale† as (1) a fairy legend, (2) an incredible story or unreal story, (c) a falsehood. Tolkien disagrees with all of the three definitions and describes his own definition. Tolkien argues that the term â€Å"Faà «rie† lacks definition. He says "Faà «rie cannot be caught in a net of words; It has many ingredients, but analysis will not necessarily discover the secret of the whole†. In Tolkien's essay, he says that he does not take beast-fables as fairy stories. He argues that these are stories "which no human being is concerned; or in which the animals are the heroes and heroines". However, he states that animals being able to speak have a venue in fairy stories since it gets from the desire for humans to communicate with other living beings. Since Tolkien believes an important operation of Faerie is "the satisfaction of certain primordial human desires," it makes a lot of sense that he included this into his fairy story. In The Hobbit, Bilbo communicates with the spiders, eagles, and Roà ¤c the raven. Gandalf understands the language of the Wargs although no one in the party can, and the dwarves understand the language of the ravens and crows. Some aspects of fairy-stories are in the plot of Tolkien’s The Hobbit. In â€Å"On Fairy-Stories†, â€Å"Faà «rie contains many things besides elves and fays, and besides dwarfs, witches, trolls, giants, or dragons: it holds the seas, the sun, the moon, the sky; and the earth, and all things that are in it: tree and bird, water and stone, wine and bread, and ourselves, mortal men, when we are enchanted†. Reading the story of The Hobbit, various imagery of nature, and the creatures and characters that dwell in it have been described in detail.